Verbal Behavior Targets: Empowering Individuals with Autism to Communicate and Connect

Understanding Verbal Behavior Targets

Verbal behavior targets play a pivotal role in the educational and therapeutic journeys of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This evidence-based approach focuses on teaching language and communication skills by breaking them down into smaller, manageable steps called targets.

The framework of verbal behavior targets was pioneered by Dr. B.F. Skinner and popularized by Dr. Jennifer Jensen in her influential book, "The Verbal Behavior Approach." It emphasizes the importance of understanding the function of language and building upon existing communication skills to promote effective interactions.

Key Principles of Verbal Behavior Targets

• Emphasize the function of language as a means of communication and social interaction.
• Break down complex language skills into smaller, achievable targets.
• Use positive reinforcement to encourage desired behaviors and promote generalization.
• Tailor targets to the individual's unique needs, strengths, and interests.
• Collaborate with parents, caregivers, and other professionals to ensure a comprehensive and consistent approach.

Effective Strategies for Implementing Verbal Behavior Targets

1. Identify Target Behaviors: Clearly define the specific language or communication skills that need improvement. Consider the individual's current abilities, goals, and communication needs.

2. Break Down Targets: Divide complex behaviors into smaller, discrete steps. For example, if the target is "asking for help," it may be broken down into "saying the word 'help,'" "raising their hand," and "using a polite tone."

3. Establish Reinforcement: Determine the rewards that will motivate the individual to engage in the target behavior. Reinforcements can include praise, preferred activities, or social interactions.

4. Prompting and Fading: Use prompts to support the individual in performing the target behavior. Gradually fade the prompts as the individual becomes more proficient.

5. Generalization and Maintenance: Practice the target behavior in different settings and with different people to promote generalization. Regularly review and adjust targets to ensure continued progress and maintenance of learned skills.

Applications of Verbal Behavior Targets

Verbal behavior targets can be applied in a variety of settings, including:

• Early intervention programs for young children with autism
• School-based language therapy sessions
• Home-based programs for individuals with ASD
• Social skills groups
• Transition planning for adults with autism

Through the consistent and individualized implementation of verbal behavior targets, individuals with autism can develop the communication and social skills necessary to participate fully in their communities and lead fulfilling lives.

Benefits of Using Verbal Behavior Targets

• Improved language comprehension and expression
• Enhanced social communication skills
• Increased independence and self-advocacy
• Reduced challenging behaviors
• Improved quality of life for individuals with autism and their families

Verbal behavior targets provide a powerful and effective framework for teaching language and communication skills to individuals with autism. By breaking down complex behaviors into manageable steps, using positive reinforcement, and tailoring interventions to individual needs, educators, therapists, and parents can empower individuals with ASD to communicate effectively, build relationships, and reach their full potential.

The legacy of Dr. Jennifer Jensen's work in the field of verbal behavior continues to inspire and guide professionals in providing evidence-based interventions that maximize the communication and social abilities of individuals with autism. Through the implementation of verbal behavior targets, we can create a world where everyone has the opportunity to communicate, connect, and thrive.

References

1. Jensen, J. (2017). The Verbal Behavior Approach: How to Teach Children with Autism and Related Disorders. Dubuque, IA: Kendall Hunt.
2. Skinner, B.F. (1957). Verbal Behavior. New York, NY: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
3. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. (2022). Autism Spectrum Disorder. https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/autism/conditioninfo/Pages/default.aspx